看清长难句的结构能帮你更好理解

发布时间:2007-8-29 文字大小:  打印:打印此文
  一个句子一个句号的概念

  理论上讲,一个句子一个句号,但是,实际中会有几个甚至多个句子摆放在一起共享一个句号。此时应该怎么办呢?

  答案很简单:标记清楚这些句子间的逻辑关系。有两种:

  1.并列关系示例

  示例1:I sat down beside her. I said nothing.

  变为:I sat down beside her and I said nothing.

  示例2:He asked me a question. I answered him.

  变为:He asked me a question and I answered him.

  2.从属关系

  1)运用各类从句,形成主从符合句,包括:

  状语从句

  宾语从句

  定语从句

  主语从句

  同位语从句

  2)运用非谓语动词类进行从属方式的处理,包括:

  动词的ing形式

  动词的过去分词形式

  动词不定式形式

  从属关系示例(以状语从句为例)

  示例1:When he asked me a question, I answered him.

  示例2:I was so angry that I beat him up!

  示例3:If you ask me ‘why’, I will answer ‘because’!

  示例4:Since you are not feeling well, just lie down and take a good rest.

  示例5:Although I have tried my best, I can’t win her heart.

  示例6:Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.

  示例7:I went out very early in the morning so that I could avoid the rush hour traffic.

  非谓语动词方式处理示例

  示例1:I sat beside her. I felt very nervous.

  可变为:Sitting beside her, I felt very nervous.

  或者:I sat beside her, feeling very nervous.

  示例2:I want to quit smoking. I eat candies.

  可变为:To quit smoking, I eat candies.

  示例3:A young man was tired of sleeping on the floor. He saved up for years to buy a real bed.

  可以变为:Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up for years to buy a real bed.

  示例4:Jimmy was dressed up as Father Christmas. He was accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls. He set off down the main street of the city. He rode a baby elephant. The elephant was called Jumbo.

  可以变为:Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls, Jimmy set off down the main street of the city, riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.

  定语从句方式处理

  定语从句当然是属于“从属”的行列,所以,是处理为从属方式的手段之一。请看下面的例子:

  This is the only book.

  I read the book during the holiday.

  两句的重合点在the book上面;将第二句中的the book抽出来,放到第一句book后面,其它内容向后甩。这样,我们就会看到the only book后面马上又在重复the book。为了避免重复,我们去掉the book,而换用另外一个词去替换,这个词就是指物的which或that。因为这里的book有only在修饰,所以,最终我们选用that;又因为that在定语从句中作宾语,所以,可以省略。

  下面两句的合并遵循同样的原则:

  She is the girl.

  The girl’s father is my boss.

  ==>She is the girl whose father is my boss.

  我们预热几个组成复杂句的句型:

  *…, but…结构(表转折关系)

  *…, for…结构(表原因关系)

  *…, so…结构(表结果关系)

  *…(,/;/.)however,…结构(表更强烈的转折关系)

  *…(,/;/.) therefore,…结构(更强烈的结果关系)

  *…(,/;/.)meanwhile,…结构(表时间关系)

  这些基本知识构成了:

  *1)简单句合并复杂句

  *2)复杂句拆分为简单句

  由“分到合”,由“合到分”的“基石”

  也是极速学好英语的根本方法或精髓之所在!

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